Machine foe making pins



Mug/1 :d rj) N FErERS. FHOTO-LITHOGRAPHER. WASHINGLION. D C,

UNITED STATES 'PATENT oFFioE.

JOHN I. HOW, OF DERBY, CONNECTICUT.

MACHINE FOR MAKING PINS.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 2,018, dated March 24, 1841-.

To all lwlw/m, t may conce/rn.'

Be it known that I, JOHN I. Hows, of the town of Derby, in the county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented a new and useful machine for making pins of brass wire or of wire of other metal, by means of which the wire, having been properly straightened and placed in a coil upon a suitable reel and having one of its ends introduced in a proper manner into said machine, is in successive portions drawn in and converted into pins by the action of the machine, each pin so made by the machine consisting of al single piece of metal or wire, the head of the pin being upset or raised and formed at one end and the other end being` sharpened in a suitable manner to form the point, and that the following is a full and exact description thereof and of the manner of constructing and using the same, reference being had to the accompanying five sheets of drawings, which make a part of this specification.

The individual parts of the machine are marked in the drawings with capital letters, with small letters, and with numbers respectively, and the same marks of reference refer in all cases vto the same or similar parts. The drawings are made on a scale of about one fourth the actual dimensions, excepting such of the figures as are otherwise marked, and designated, by descriptions written near them on the sheets on which they are drawn.

I shall first describe. under several distinct heads, the individual parts and minor combinations` which being united into one general combination constitute the entire machine and explain their several offices and actions, and then explain the general combination, together with the combined actions or movements by which, as they take place successively or simultaneously, the machine performs its work.

0f zf/z-e fired frame-The fixed frame is of cast iron, and may for convenience be described under several divisions, viz., an upright square portion A1 in which are formed the bearings of the main axis B, and which supports all the other parts of the machine. The heading frame A2 which is placed upon the top of and at one side of the square portion A1. It has two vertical sides, which are connectedby several cross portions extending horizontally across from one to the other of said vertical parts.

It furnishes bearings for most of the parts employed in making the heads of the pins, and will be further described in connection with the description of the last named parts.

A3 is a part accessory to the heading frame A2, and is fastened by screws upon the outer face of the outer vertical portion of Vsaid heading frame; A4 a semicircular, horizontal portion, attached to the inner side of the aforesaid heading frame. Its upper face is about eight inches above the center of the main axis B and about one inch below a horizontal plane, in which the several operations upon the pin, in the process of its formation, are performed. It supports the feeding apparatus, the cutter for cutting off the wire, and the several mills for pointing the pins. It has an arch A5`which extends from one side to the other of said semicircular portion, over its cen ter and holds a center screw or pivot for the upper end of the vertical shaft C. A girt A extends across beneath said semicircula-r portion immediately under said arch, which holds a spring and catch for fixing and detaining the revolving table D during the intervals between the movements of said table. In the middle of said girt is a hole through which the shaft C, and also a portionof a hub on the under side of the table D, pass. A7 furnishes bearings for the driving shaft` F. An inverted arch A8 extends across from one end to the other of the square portion A1 to the under side of the ends of which it lis attached. It supports the step of the vertical axis C, and also the axis of a bevel and spur wheel which serve as intermediate gearingto connect the shafts B and C. There are some other fixed parts which will be described in connection with moving parts with which they are associated.

Of Hm driving pourait-The machine is put in. motion through a driving shaft F, which has its bearings formed in the portion A7 of the fixed frame shown in the plan Sheet H. The shaft F is placed at. right angles to the main shaft B, and. both of said shafts are in a horizontal position in the same plane with each other. On the outer end of the shaft F, are fixed a fast pulley l, a loose pulley 2, a fly wheel 3, and a pulley 4, for driving` the shaft L which carries the pulleys 45 for driving the pointbevel wheel K which is fixed on the shaft B, saide wheel having four times the number of teeth of the pinion Gr, so that four revolutions of the driving shaft F communicate one revolution to the shaft B. The horizontal shaft B is connected with the vertical shaft C, by bevel and spur gearing, so that both the said shafts revolve in the same time in the direction indicated by the arrows on the respective shafts, as is shown in the perspective drawing Sheet 1. The miter bevel wheel H1 on the shaft B works into the nliter bevel wheel H2, which has its axis placed perpendicular-ly beneatli the shaft B. On the axis of the bevel wheel H2 is fixed a spur wheel l which works into a similar spur wheel Il, which is fixed on the vertical shaft C, as is represented in Sheet I. But in Sheet 2 the bevel wheel H1 is represented as facing in an opposite direction on the shaft B from that in which it is shown in Sheet I, in which case an intermediate spur wheel I3 must be introduced between the wheels Il and I2 in order to turn the shaft C, in the right direction` and the spur wheel on the axis of the bevel wheel H2, and that on the axis C must have each the same number of teeth. The pulley 4l, Sheetl II, is connected by a belt to the pulley 5 on the shaft L for the purpose of communicating an accelerated rotary motion to the shaft L. On the shaft L are the pulleys 445 which are respectively connected by bands 411 with the pulleys 43 on the arbors or spindles of the mills or revolving circular files, 38, by which the points of the pins are ground and sharpened, for the purpose of communicating the necessary rapid rotary motion to said mills.

Of the feeding and cutting apparatus.- Fig. 1, Sheet III, of the drawings is a perspective view of the combined apparatus for feeding in and cutting off the wire, with a portion of the semicircular horizontal part of the frame A4, to which the principal parts of said apparatus are attached; other views of said apparatus are represented in the perspective, Sheet I, and in the plan, Sheet Il. The fixed portion of the feeding apparatus consists of a horizontal part, Sa, and two arms 8" and 8c, depending in a perpendicular direction from the under side of said horizontal port-ion. The horizontal portion Sa has an oblong opening through it extending in a horizontal direction from within, toward the shaft, C, outward. The two vertical surfaces of said portion, S, are dressed straight and parallel with each other, and the two sides of the aforesaid oblong opening are also dressed straight and parallel with each other. A slide, 9a,

which rests against the front vertical face `of the portion S is connected through the said opening in 8a, with a cap, 9b, Sheet Il, which rests against the back vertical face of the portion 8a, and the portionrby which the slide, 9a, is connected with the cap, 9", is so formed and fitted into said opening as to allow said slide to move freely forward and backward, but not to turn or move 1n any other direction. The slide, 9, has a stud, 9, standing out horizontally at right angles to and near the center of its face. There is a small hole made horizontally through said stud close to the face of the slide, through which, and also through an eye formed for the purpose, near each end of the slide, the wire is introduced in a horizontal direction from right to left. There is a steel cap, 10, fitted by a hole in its center, on the stud, 9, behind which the wire is introduced aforesaid, in the manner represented in Fig. 1, Sheet Ill.

The lever, 11, of the feeder has a fork at its upper end to receive the stud, 9C, and near its lower end it has the stud, 11, and

'the plate, 1lb, to receive the action of the feeder cam, a. The lever, 11, is jointed to the extremities of the two arms, 8" and 8c, of the feeder frame, S a Z) c, by the ring 12 and the four center or pivot screws 13, Fig. 1, Sheet III, solas to furnish said lever with two horizontal axes intersecting each other at right angles in the manner of a universal joint, by means of which the forked end of said lever is allowed to be alternately pressed against the cap 10, and then removed from it, at the same time that it hasl a. reciprocating motion forward and backward, for the purpose of carrying forward the feeder 9a in the act of introducing the wire and then earryin said feeder back, in order to its introducing another portion of wire. The cam a, by which the movements and actions of the feeder are pro duced is represented in F ig. 6, Sheet IH. Said cam a (revolving in the direction indicated by the arrow) acts by the face, (c2, on its periphery against the stud, 11, of the lever, 11, to carry forward the feeder, 9, and by the face, a3 on its periphery to retain said feeder for a short period in the ad vanced posit-ion to which it had been previously carried, the face a3 of said cam being concentric with the axis B, on which said cam is fixed. Said cam, a, has a rib or raised portion, al, on its side, by which it acts against the plate, 11b, of the lever, 11, to press the forked end of said lever against the cap 10 of the feeder, in order to grasp the wire in the act of feeding it into the machine. A spiral spring, 14, is attached to the lower end of the lever 11, below its stud and plate aforesaid, and to some part of the fixed frame, so as to draw obliquely inward. that end of said lever, and to retract it soon as the cam, a, recedes after having performed its aforesaid actions, respectively, on said stud 11a and plate 1lb. A gage `screw 15 is fitted into the exterior end of the portion 8a of the feeder frame against the point of which the slide of the feeder stops when it is carried back in the manner above described by the spring 14. By turning the aforesaid gage screw 15 out or in the length of the portion o'f wire introduced at each operation of the feeder may be graduated according to the proposed length of the pin. lllhen in the rotation of the cam o, its rib (L1 comes against the plate 11b of the lever 11, it crowds the lower end of said level' back in the direction of the length of the shaft B so as to press its upper or forked end against the cap 10, pressing said cap against the wire, so that the wire is embraced and firmly held between said cap 10 and the face of the slide 9, and while the wire continues to be so held the rising face on the periphery of the cam a, comes against the stud 11a, of the lever 11, crowding the lower end of said lever back in a direction at right angles to the length of the shaft B and consequently carrying forward the upper or forked end of said lever, which holding on to the stud, 9C, of the feeder, by the fork in its end, carries forward the feeder holding the wire in the manner above described. (Note: In the regular operation of the machine, when the wire is carried forward by the feeder', the end of the wire enters one of the pointing chucks herein after described, which is in readiness to receive it, and in order to insure the entrance thereof a guide is placed near the extremity of said chuck. Said guide is in the form of a hollow cone having its apex directed toward the chuck and its base toward the feeder. There must be a perforation at the apex of the cone to allow the wire to pass through in a straight line from the feeder to the chuck, and there must also be an opening made in its side to allow the chuck to carry the pin (or wire) out laterally. Said guide may be attached to the cutter stand or any convenient part of the xed frame.) Before the concentric face 0,3, before described, of the cam, a, leaves the stud 11a the rib al of said cam will leave the plate 11b so as to allow the spring 14- to retract the forked end of the lever 11 from the cap 10, and afterward said high concentric part of the cam, a, passing away from the stud, 11a, will leave the feeder free to be carried back by the action of the spring 14, till it is stopped by coming against the gage screw 15.

The apparatus for cutting off the wire and also holding it after it has been introduced by the feeder while the feeder is going back and renewing its grasp on the wire,

in order to introduce another succeedingl portion of wire, is supported by and consists in part of an adjustable frame piece or stand 16, which is fastened by a screw on the top of the portion A4 of the fixed frame.-

' close behind the frame 8 of the feeding apparatus, as represented in the plan Sheet 11. At the interior extremity of the stand 16, it has a portion 16?, which extends across in front of the interior extremity of the portion, 8a, of the feeder frame, furnishing in front toward the vertical shaft C (or the center of the revolving table D) a vertical plain surface at right angles to the line in which the wire is fed into the machine. To

the aforesaid verticalr face of the portion 16a,

of the cutter stand is fitted a steel plate 17. The plate 17 has a hole through it of a suitable size and in a proper situation to let the wire pass through it in a stra-ight line from the feeder to the pointing chuck, into which chuck the wire enters, in the manner shown in the plan Sheet II, previous to a portion of it being cut off to form a pin. A steel cutter, 18, is fitted into a groove or socket in the cutter stock, 19, so as to admit of its being adjusted and fixed therein by the screws 20 and 21 and'to cause the cutting edge of said cutter to lie flat againstV the plate, 17 The cutter stock 19 is jointed to the vertical portion, 16a, of the cutter stand by means of a center' screw 22, so that 19 forms the short arm of a lever of which 19, forms the long arm. A small projection or plate, 19C, extending from the edge of the arm, 19a, of said lever, rests upon the periphery of the cutter cam, b, and a stand, 0, standing out laterally from said arm, 19a, at right angles to the plane of its motion on its center, 22, rests against the side of said cam on which side the acting parts of said cam are formed. The cam, is circular and concentric with the shaft B, on which it is fixed, and has its acting parts formed on the side of it next the aforesaid stud, Q, of the lever 19, as represented in Fig. 1, Sheet III.

b1 is a recess or low part which is connected by an inclined portion at one of its extremities to the raised part, Z22, and at its other extremity to the tooth or pivot, b3. The portion or face Z22 is a plain surface coinciding with the plane in which the cam b revolves, and the tooth b3 is a wedge shaped projection raised upon one extremity of the face Z22.

A spiral spring, 230, which connects the extremity of the arm, 19a, with the fixed frame, serves to draw said arm in a direction contrary to that in which it is moved by the action of the cam b, and retract the cutter immediately after its action in cutting off the wire.

The cam Z) must be adjusted on the shaft B, in reference to the feeder cam, o, so that its recess or low part b1 will be opposite the stud 0 of the lever 19 during the time in which said cam, a, is engaged in carrying forward the feeder to feed in the wire, and while the cam, a, continues to hold the feeder in its advanced position, and before the feeder relaxes its hold upon the wire, in the manner before described, the face b2 of the cutter cam must arrive at the stud o of the lever 19, so as to cause the cutter, 18, to close upon the wire and hold it without cutting it off, and while the face, b2, of the cutter cam is passing the stud, 0, and before the tooth, b3, reaches said stud, 0, the feeder must release its grasp on the wire, return to its retracted position, and again renew its grasp` on the wire, and then before the feeder begins to advance, and while it remains stationary in its retracted position, the tooth, b3, of the cutter cam must pass the stud, o, by which the cutter 18 will be suddenly further advanced to cut olf the wire close to the face of the plate 17, against which the Hat side of the cutter plays, and by the reaction of the spring, 230, the stud, 0, will be drawn against the low part, b1, of the critter cam so as to retract the cutter 18 out of the way to allow the feeder to introduce another succeeding portion of wire. The length of wire fed in and cut olf at each operation of the feeding and Cutting apparatus is equal to the length of the pin to be made, and a portion of wire sutlicient, by being raised or upset and properly compressed between suitable dies, to form the head of the pin.

Of the pointing chucks and revolving table and other parts accessory to thez'rmcwementa-In the process of sharpening the points of the pins made by the machine herein described the piece of wire is held and turned around by a chuck formed at the extremity of a revolving axis, in a manner similar to that in which a piece of work is held and turned in the chuck of a turning lathe, but the end of the wire is reduced to the requisite tapering and pointed form by the grinding action of circular revolving files and not by the point or edge of a tool, as in the common operation of turning. There are eight such chucks, mounted in suitable bearings on a revolving table D. The revolving table D is placed in a horizontal position on the vertical shaft C, as is shown in Sheets I and II and Fig. 3, Sheet III. It has a hole in its center fitted to said shaft C, so as to allow said shaft to revolve while the table is at rest and to allow said table to move around said shaft as its axis or center of motion when said table moves around by an intermitting motion. The upper horizontal face of said table furnishes plane surfaces to which are fitted and fastened by screws the bearings or boxes of the pointing chucks, 28, and said table has on, its back or under side a hub which rests upon a collar on the shaft C and which is also fitted into a hole in the middle of the girt A, It has on its under side, near its circumference, a rim extending vertically downward, which is divided at its loweredge into eight equal divisions or teeth, similar to saw teeth, as is i shown in Fig. 3, Sheet III. In said Fig. 3

the above described riln is represented in section, with all the other parts of the table umnoved in order to show the aforesaid divisions ror teeth which are marked in the figure l l to 8. There is a semicircular groove formed around the circumference of the aforesaid rim above the bottoms of its teeth, to receive the clip band e, The clip band c, f, is formed of a rod of round iron or wire, e, of a size to fit the aforesaid' groove. The rod e has a screw cut at each of its ends and is bent so as to lit as a band into said groove around the rim of the table D, so as to embrace about three fourths of the circumference of said groove. The ends of said rod, c, (being st 'aight are passed through eyes in the yoke and are secured in that situation by nuts which are screwed on to said ends of the rod c, in the manner shown in Sheets I and II and Fig. 3, Sheet III. The yoke, is placed in a horizontal position and presents toward the table D a concave side which is fitted to the groove in the rim of said table. Said yoke, f, has a vertical slot formed through it, the longitudinal center of which is in continua tion of a right line extending horizontally outward from the center of the axis C. By means of a stud 23 which extends upward in a perpendicular direction through the aforesaid slot in the yoke f, from the end of the lever, g, to which said stud is attached, a connection is formed between said yoke, f, and said lever, g, so that when said lever, g, is moved, horizontally, to the right or left hand it communicates a corresponding movement to said yoke. The lever, g, is connected by a vertical axis, 24, to the lixed frame, as is shown at 24 in Sheet I and Fig. 3, Sheet III. It has a broad part ,in which is a slot or opening of suliicient dimensions to allow the shafts C to pass through it and to allow said lever to move forward and backward to a certain extent around its axis, 24.-. A. stud 25 is attached to the broad part of the lever, g, in a suitable position to receive the action of the cam, 7L, which is fixed on the vertical shaft C. The cam, z, has two eccentric faces on its peripheryviz., the longer face, h1, which extends around three fourths of the circle of its periphery, and the shorter face, h2, which oc cupies one fourth of said circle. A spring, 26, connects the end of the lever, g, with the fixed `frame and draws said lever in such a direction as to incline the stud, 25, of said lever inward toward the vertical axis C. In the machine herein described the cam 7L is placed beneath the lever, g', and the stud 9.5 is aflixed to the under side of said lever. In Fig. 3 said cam, 7L, is represented above said lever and the stud, 25, aliixed to its upper side in order to show the action of said cam upon said stud.

There is a spring catch, 27, attached to the girt, A0, which allows the table D to move around freely in the direction of the arrow by yielding under the inclined faces of the teeth, (l, of said table, but which prevents or arrests a retrograde movement of said table by springing up behind the perpendicular faces of said teeth and catching against one of said perpendicular faces if an effort be made to move said table in a retrograde direction.

The table D moves forward around the axis, C, in the direction indicated by the arrow marked on the rim, d, of said table as shown in Fig. 3, Sheet HI, one eighth of a revolution at each revolution of the shaft, C. lt occupies one fourth of the time of a revolution of the shaft C in making said movement, and it remains at rest during three fourths of the time of a revolution of said shaft C. The aforesaid alternate periods of motion and rest of the table, D, are produced by the above described combination, which is marked in the drawings referred to in the foregoing description with the following let-ters and figures, viz: C. D, a (i t@ s), e, f, as, g, 24, A1, Ae, A, 27, It (l to 3), 25, 2G, in the following manner. That is to say supposing all the parts of the aforesaid combination which are shown' in Fig. 3, Sheet lll, to be in the positions relatively to each other in which they are re resented in said Fig. 3, and that the sha t C and the cam, 7L, are in the act of revolving in the direction indicated by the arrows, the faces, 711, of the cam, L, advancing against the stud 25 of the lever, g, will carry back said lever, and with said lever the clip band, y", e, but the table, D, will be prevented from moving back along with the clip band, e, f, in consequence of the tooth (Z7 of said table being arrested by the catch, 27. Consequently the clip band will slip around in the groove of said table D, and said table D, will remain stationary until the highest part of the cam 7e., shall have passed the stud, 25. But as soon as the face, h1, shall have passed the stud, 25, and the receding face, h2, be presented toward said stud, 25, the spring 26 will react and draw the lever, g, together with the yoke c, f, and the table D forward, and cause said stud, 25, to follow down the receding face, 71,2, of the cam, i, until said stud reaches the lowest part of said cam, at which time the tooth, (ZS, of the table D, will arrive at the position which was occupied by the tooth d?, of said table during its period of rest, which immediately preceded its last described movement and the catch, 27, will spring up behind the perpendicular face of said tooth d8. The face /Ll of the cam, 7L, will then begin to advance against the stud, 25, of the lever, g', and again carry back said lever with the clip band e, f, but the table D will be prevented from moving back with the clip, e, f, by the catch, 27, arresting the tooth ds, and the table D will again remain at rest till the highest part of the cam it, shall have passed the stud, 25, when said table will again move forward one step in the manner above described, and so each revolution of the cam, L, will cause the table D to move around one step, and every eight steps will complete one revolution of said table. Y

The manner in which the spindles or revolving axes, 28, of the eight aforesaid pointing chucks are disposed on the table D is shown in Sheets I and Il. Said axes, 28, must be so adjusted in their bearings on said table D., as to have their centers disposed at equal distances from each other around said table in the direction of radii proceeding from the center or axis around which said table revolves. The centers of all the axes, 28, must be in one horizontal plane and the extremities of the chucks formed at their' outer ends must all be at an equal distance from the center of the axis C. The pins are held by said chucks, 23, so as to point outward from their extremities, each pin being held in a line continuous with the central line of the axis of the chuck by which it is held, in the manner shown in the plan Sheet H. In describing' the movements and operations of said chucks in receiving, holding, turning, carrying and delivering the pins l shall consider the number, 28, as designating not only the axis of the chuck, but all the several parts of the chuck collectively with its axis.

roo

The manner in which the rotary axes, 28,

are fitted into their bearings is represented in Fig. 4, Sheet V. The two b-earings 37, are formed upon and united with each other by the plate 3721. The plate 37a also serves the purpose of connecting said bearings, 37, to the table D, by means of binding screws and washers, two such screws being screwed into the table between each two of said plates 37a, each screw having a washer upon it which overlaps the edge of each of the plates, 37a, between which the screw is placed as shown in Sheet Il. The axis, 28, is introduced into its bearings, 37, and is adjusted and secured in its place therein by two collars, 35 and 35a, said collars being fastened by binding screws, as shown insaid Fig. t, Sheet V. The chucks, 28, have a continuous rotary motion given to them by the bevel wheel, M, on the vertical axis, C, working into a bevel pinion N, with which each of the axes 2S, is furnished, in the manner shown at 28g, `Sheet II. The wheel, M, has about ten times the number of teeth "of the pinion N.

The construction of the chucks, Q8, is shown in Fig. 4, Sheet V. A hole in the end of the axis, 28,' receives a die, 29. The die, 29, is of a cylindrical form at its front end for about one third of its length and is semicylindrical throughout its remaining portion. It has a hole commencing with a bevel counterslnk in its center, at its front extremity, which hole extends backward along the center or axis of said cylindrical portion of said die till it opens into a semicircular groove, which is formed along the center of the flat face of the semicylindrical portion of said die throughout its whole length. A mortise is cut through the a. L18, close behind the interior extremity of the die Q9, and a notch is extended forward from said mortise on one side of said axis so far as to reach the cylindrical portion of said die. The nipper, 30, 30a, is jointed to the axis, Q8, through the aforesaid mortise by a center pin 3l. The nipper, 30, lits into the aforesaid notch, anterior to the mortises of said axis, 23, so as to admit of its being closed against the flat surface of the semicylindri fal portion of said die, Q9. The arm, 301 of said nipper extends obliquely backward and has at its extremity a gage screw, 32, which screw points toward the body of tlie axis QS. A tube, 33, which has a conical part, 33, directed forward and at its posterior extremity a circular flange, 33a, is fitted on the axis, 2S, so as to admit of said tube sliding freely forward and backward on said axis, 23, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5, Sheet V. Back of said tube, on the axis, 28, is the collar 35, which is fastened on said axis by a binding screw, and an open spiral spring, 34e, is placed upon the axis, 28, between said collar 35 and the tube 33. During the operation of the machine the spring, 34, will crowd the tube, 33, forward under the4 point of the gage screw 32, .in the arm of the nipper 30, and close the nipper, 30, toward the [iat face of the die, 29, as shown in Fig. 4, Sheet V, at all times, excepting when said tube is, retracted or held back, in the manner hereinafter described, as shown in Fig. 5, Sheet V.

For the purpose of rctracting the tube, 33, so as to allow the chucks to open to receive the wire and after the point is formed to allow the pointed shank (or pin) to be taken out of the chucks, there are two vertical plates 3Ga and 3Gb placed at such a level as just to allow the neck or body of said tubes, 33, to pass over them, but to intercept the flange 33a of said tubes and crowd them back on the axis, 2S, as the table D moves around, as will be under stood by reference to Fig. 5, Sheet V. The arrow on said Fig. 5 indicates the direction in which the table D, may be supposed to have moved in bringing the chuck, QS, to the position in which it is shown in said Fig. 5, and the dotted curve line in which the arrow is made is an arc of a circle in which it may be supposed the front face of the flange, 33, would have revolved around the center, C, along with the table D, had

said flange not been intercepted by the plate, 36, at the point where said curve line crosses said plate, 36, but said flange 33, coming in contact with the plate 3G, at the aforesaid point of intersection, said [lange 33a would move in a. .straight line along the inclined plane presented by the face of said plate, 36, so that when the chuck, 23, should have arrived at the end of its supposed movementin the position shown in said Fig. 5 the tube, 33, would have been retracted and would be held back by the plate, 3G, in the manner above explained, and as is shown in said ligure. The positions occupied in the machine by said plates 36a and 3G are shown in the plan Sheet H. Each of them is fastened by screws to the front of a small stand, which stands are supported on the brackets A1 and A, as shown in said Sheet Il.

Each of the chucks, 28, in passing from `the position in which it receives the pin to that which it occupies when the pin is taken `from it takes six steps with the table, l),

and remains stationary, but holding and revolving with the pin in the manner before described, during live of the aforesaid periods of rest of the table D, as may be understood by reference to the plan Sheet ll, in which the chuck, 23, as shown in said plan, is in the position for receiving the pin and the chuck 23g is in the position for having the pin removed from it, and the chuck 28aL in passing around to the position occupied by, 28g, by steps with the table D, would occupy successively the position occupied by each of the intermediate chucks (2S Y) to f), as represented on said plan Sheet Il.

0 the circular revolving yi'ZcS or ,(/rimcrs cmd 2572@ comb/nation by 'which their mmmments are produced-The construction of the machine herein described is such that each pinV made by it might be submitted to one operation for forming its point at each one of the aforesaid five positions in which it is held and turned around by the pointing chuck, in the manner hereinbefore described, in case a mill or suitable apparatus such as is herein described were provided and put in ope ation, so as to act properly upon the point of the pin at each of the aforesaid positions. But the machine as represented in Sheetl 1I has three such mills for grinding and sharpening the points of varying the adjustment of different parts of said combination or by varying the form and proportions of some of the parts of the same, as is in some measure explained in this description, and as observation and experience will direct the skilful operator. The general description herein contained may be considered as equally applicable to cach of the three mills or grinding apparatus employed in the machine, as represented in Sheet Ii, and the number or reference 88, which is marked on the several circular files7 as sliown in said plan, is frequently employed in this description to designate the whole or some part of the combination by whichv said files are actuated, always however including one of saidfiles as a member of said combination. I employ the term mill herein in some instances in a general senseto indicate the wholeor some part of the aforesaid combination, but always inelusivel of the circular tile or grinder, 38, and in other instances I employ said term in a restricted sense, to indicate said tile or grinder only, or the grinding surface thereof, as may be understood by the connection in which said term is used. Although l eniploy, in the machine herein described, circular tiles for grinding and sharpeningl the points of the pins, yet cylinders coated with emery, or stones of suitable form and texture, or straps coated with emery or other grinding or polishingl material and caused to run over pulleys might be substituted for said files (in case any such substitute should be considered desirable) withoutvarying the principle according to which the particular kind of grinding surface employedis made to operate in grinding and formingv said points. The mill 38, has a continued rotary movement around its axis, a reciprocating movement in the plane of its rotation, and a reciprocating movement in the direction of the length of its axis.

The combination for adjusting the lnill, and for producing its movements is represented in Fig. 2, Sheet IH, and Figs. l and 2, Sheet V. rllhe circular file, 38, is a cylinder or ring of steel, which has teeth cut in the manner of a float or file around the whole of its circumference and being properly tempered. Said file, 38, is fitted on an axis or spindle 40, by means of two flanges of brass S9 (o and 7)) in the manner shown 'in Fig. l, Sheet V. The flange 39a is permanently fitted against a collar on the axis, 40, and the flange, 39h, is fitted to said axis so as to shift off and on. Each of the flanges, 39, has a lateral rim fitted to the interior diameter of the ring or file, 38 said ring is placed between said flanges on the axis 40, having their respective lateral rims fitted into it, and a nut, 41, is screwed on the axis, 40, against the Hange, 39h, in the.

manner shown in the section Fig. l, Sheet V.;

On the arbor or axis 40, there is a grooved pulley, 43, which is connected by a band, 44, with the driving pulley, 45, on the shaft L, for the purpose of communicating the rotary motion of the mill. As the axis, 40, are not in each case parallel with the axis L, guide pulleys must be suitably placed to guide the band, 44, between the aforesaid pulleys, 43 and 45. There is a grooved collar, 4G, tted and fastened by a binding` screw on the axis, 40, the groove of which is fitted to the guide, 47, so that when the mill is moved forward or backward in a direction parallel to its axis the guide 47 acting by the collar 46, communicates to said mill a lateral motion in the direction of the length of its axis 40, to the right or left, by means of which lateral movement of the mill the portion of its grinding surface brought into action at any one operation in the formation of the point of the pin is progressively changed so as to prevent the unequal wearing of said surface.

The combination of the collar, 46, with the guide, 47, is shown in Fig. l, Sheet V. The axis, 40, of the mill lies in a horizontal position on the ways 48a and 48b and is held between the prongs of two forks formed at the extremities of the arms of the lever The thimbles or boxes, 49, Fig. l, Sheet V, are put upon the arbor, 40, to relieve the friction produced in running the mill at a high speed. The lever', j, is jointed by a center pin or stud, 50, to the lower end of a fixed support or stand A9, which stand A9, is lixed by a screw-bolt, 5l, in a. depending position to the under side of the portion A4 of the fixed frame, as shown in Fig. 2, Sheet HI. The mill stand A9 has two arms, the extremities of which are turned forward to receive the adjusting screws, 59a and 59", as shown in said Fig. 2, Sheet III. The ways or tracks, 48 and 48b are formed upon the upper edges of two prongs of a forked piece 48, which has the two prongs 48el and 48b and the cylindrical shank 48C. The shank 48c is fitted into a tube or socket in the upper horizontal portion of a piece 52, and is connected with said piece 52, by the bent plate, 54, and the thumb-screw, 55, and the collar 53, as shown in the last named figure. The plate, 54, is screwed fast on the back part of the tube 52, and has its outer extremity bent round so as to be in a transverse position behind the end of the shank, 48, asis shown in the last named figure and in Sheet II. A thumbscrew, 55, is screwed into the back end of the shank 48C, and has a neck which is fitted into a slot or fork in said transverse portion of the plate, 54. The collar, 53, fits and is fastened by a binding screw on the shank 48, and the side of said collar 53, next the plate. 54, is flatted by a flat surface against said plate so as to prevent said collar or the forked piece (on the shank, 48", of which said collar is fastened) frointurning. If the thumbscrew, 55, be turned out it will thrust the ways, 482 and 48h forward, and if said screw be turned in it will draw said ways back, and if the binding screw 53, be loosened the forked piece may be turned one way or the other around the axis of its shank 4:82, and fixed in any required position by fastening said collar. The tube, 52, has a vertical plate, 52a extending downward parallel with the stand, A2, and at the bottom of said plate, 522, a horizontal portion, 52", projects forward at right angles to the face of said stand A. Between the plate, 52, and the face of the stand, A2, is a plate, 58, which extends downward along the face of said stand, a little below the bottom of said plate, 522,..and has at its bottom a horizontal portion 582, projecting forward under the projection 521. The piece, 58, is attached to the stand A2 by a single screw which passes through a hole in said stand and is screwed into the plate 58 at its upper end and near the top of said stand. rlthe last named scre'w serves as a fixed stud or center around which the plate, 58, may be moved in being adjusted by the adjusting screws 592, and 59h, the points of which screws bear against the sides of said plate near its bottom.

The plate, 52, of the tube 52, is connected with the plate 58 (so as to allow said plate 52u to adjust up or down along the face of the plate 58) by a binding screw, 56, which passes through a vertical slot in the plate, 522, and is screwed into the plate 58, and by an adjusting screw, 57, which is screwed into the horizontal projection 52", at thebottom of the plate 522, and is fitted by its neck into a slot or fork in the horizontal projection, 58a, at the bottom of theplate 58. If the adjusting screw, 57, be turned out it will move the piece, 52, together with the forked piece 48 and the mill, 38, resting on the ways 482 and 48", directly upward, and if said screw, 57, be turned in it will move said parts downward. 1f t-he adjusting screws 59a and 59b be turned so as to move the foot of the piece, 58, back in the direction of the screw 59h, the ways 482 and 481 will be tilted downward and will have their' inclination to a horizontal plane increased. 1f said screws be turned so as to move the foot of said piece 58 inward said ways will be tilted upward and their inclination to a horizontal plane will be diminished. An advancing and receding movelnent of the mill, 38, along the ways, 482, and 48h is produced by the action of a cam Z2, and a spring G0, by means of the combination shown in Fig. 2, Sheet III, the parts of which combination are severally marked in said figure with the following letters and numbers, viz: 7c, Z, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, G5, j, A, 50, 4:0, 38. The cam Zr has its acting faces formed around its periphery.

The form of said cam is shown in Fig. 3, Sheet V. The direction in which itY revolves is shown by the arrow. Its advancing face, In, c, extends around one fourth of its circumfcrence, and its receding face Za', Z22, Zr: extends around three fourths of its circumference. The dotted lines c 7c, and Zt' Ze 7c, represent modifications of the form of said cani adapted to variations in the form or extent of the ways, 48, as is hereinafter explained. The cam, Za, acts against the stud, 6l, which stud is affixed to the upper side of the yoke, Z, as shown in said Fig. 2, Sheet III. But in machines which I have constructed on the principles of the machine herein described said stud is affixed to the under side of said yoke, Z, and the cam Za is placed beneath the yoke Z, on the axis, C, and serves as a support for the fork at the end of said yoke to rest and slide on. rPhe yoke Z is composed of two parts one of which is marked Z, Z, and the other is marked Z2 in the figure. The part Z, Z of said yoke has its horizontal portion, Z, and its vertical portion Z. The horizontal portion Z of said lever has a fork at its extremity, with a space between the prongs thereof, of a breadth equal to the diameter of the shaft, C, said shaft being received into said space. The vertical portion Z, extends upward from the portion Z, and has its vertical face, Z, directed outward from the shaft C. Said portion Z, has a slot extending downward from its end along the middle of it. The part Z2 has a foot at its inner end by which it is connected to the part, Z, by a binding screw which passes through the slot in said part Z, and is screwed into said foot. lSaid screw may be shifted up or down along said slot so as to increase or diminish in a vertical direction the distance betweenthe parts Z and Z2 of said yoke. The yoke Z, is composed of two parts, in the manner above described, in order to adapt the level of the vertical portion Z of said yoke to the position of the cam 7c on the axis C, without changing the elevation of the part, Z2, of said yoke or throwing either of the parts, Z, or Z2, out of its horizontal position. The part Z2 is in a vertical position, as respects its breadth, and extends horizontally from its connection with the portion, Z, to the stand A, and it is connected to said stand, A", by a stud screw, 64, which passes through a slot in the end of said yoke and is screwed into said stand. The fork of said yoke, Z, by which it is connected with the shaft C, and the slot by which it is connected with the'stand, A, are so fitted as to allow said yoke to slide endwise forward and backward, being supported and guided at each of its ends by the aforesaid connections.

There is an adjusting stud, 62, screwed on the side of the portion, Z2, of the yoke Z, near its foot, in which are two adjusting screws 62aL and 62h, the points of which screws bear against said foot. A link G3 connects the yoke Z, with the lever j, by having one end of said link ointed to the top of the stud 62, and by having the other end of said link jointed to the lever j by means of a stud 65, which is fitted to adjust up or down in a slot in said lever. The lever, j, holds the axis, 40, of the mill, in the forks at the ends of its arms so as to allow said axis to rest on the ways 48 and to follow the track of said ways in making its advancing and receding movements. The extent of the last named movements of the mill 38, may be diminished by shifting the stud G5, farther up in the slot of the lever j, or it may be increased by shifting said stud 65 lower down in said slot. If the adjusting screws of the stud, 62, be turned so as to move the top of said stud back to a greater distance from the shaft C, the mill 38 will be moved farther from said shaft, and if said screws be turned so as to move the ii-pper end of said stud nearer to said shaft, the mill will be broughtnearer said shaft C.v A spiral spring G0, is connected by one of its ends to the lever, j, and by its other end to the fixed frame so that when said lever is carried back by the action of the cam said spring is stretched, and when said cam recedes the react-ion of said spring draws said lever forward, causing the stud, 61, to follow down the receding face of said cam 70.

The form of the ways, 48, and the track which will be followed by the center of the axis, 40, of the mill in traversing` along its bearings on said ways are shown in Fig. 2, Sheet V. rflic dotted line a, mi, in said ure represents said central track of the axis 40. The extent of the traversing motion of the axis, 40, of the mill along` the ways, 48, should be such as to carry the bearings of said axis a little past each extremity of the curved portion of said ways. That is to say, when the highest point le of the cam 7c, as shown iii Fig. 3, Sheet V, is at the stud 6l the axis, 40, should rest upon the horizontal straight portion of said ways a little past the upper and outer extremity of the curved portion of said ways 48, so that the center of said axis should be at or near the point marked, (.)m/l, in the dotted line or track, n, m, at which time the mill, 88, would be in the space represented by the dotted circle, m1, as shown in Fig. 2, Sheet V, and when the lowest point 7c of said cam is at the stud, 61, said axis 40, should rest upon the declivous straight portion of said ways, a little past the lower and inner extremity of said curved portion of the ways, 48, so that the center of said axis should be at or near the point 1i(.), in the dotted line or track, a, m, at which time the mill 38 would be in the space represented by the dotted circle, a, as shown in said Fig. 2, Sheet V. The mark in the track, n, m, indicates the position of the center of the axis 40, when said axis has its bearings on the ways 48, at t-he outer .extremity of their curved portion, at which Itime the mill 38, will be in the space represented by the dot-ted circle, m2, in said Fig. 2; and the mark in said track indicates the position of the center of said axis, 40, when the bearing of said axis on the ways 48, is at the inner extremity of their curved portion, at which time the mill will be in the space represented by the dotted circle a2, Fig. 2, Sheet V. The axis, 40, makes its advancing movement along the ways, 48, from (.)m to n(.), in its central track, n, m, in the time occupied by the receding face c 7a2, 7e, of the cam 7s, Fig. 3, Sheet V, revolving in the direction of the arrow in passing the stud 61. The face, 76, 702, 70 of the cam, 7a, which governs the aforesaid advancing movement of the axis, 40, is formed with a view to allow said axis to movel quickly over the straight porti-ons of the ways 48 at the beginning and termination of said movement, during its passage over which the mill, 38, is not in action on the ,point of the pin, and to cause said axis to move less quickly but with a variable velocity in passing over the curved portion of said ways, during its passage over which the action of the mill 38 in forming the point of the .pin takes place,

A distinguishing principle in the combination hereinbefore described for moving the mill, 38, is that while the axis 40 of said mill is moving along the curved portion of the ways, 48, the center of said axis moves in a curve, which is an arc of a circle, having for its center a certain point, 88, at the circumference of said mill, as shown in Fig. 2, Sheet V, so that if the mill, 88, does not turn upon its axis while said axis is passing over said curved portion of theways 48 the point 38 at the circumference of said mill will remain stationary and will be a fixed point around which all the other parts of said mill will move. Therefore, if in the operation of the machine the pin be held and turned around by the pointing chuck, 28, in the position in which the pin 'i' is shown in Fig. 2, Sheet V, having its extremity, which, is to be ground and sharpened by the mill in the formation of its point, pressed against said mill at the point 38, the aforesaid movement of the axis 40 ofthe mill will takeplace without causing any variation in the degree of pressure with which the extremity of the pin is applied against the mill. The method by which I originally applied the principle last above explained was by mounting the mill centers in a continuous right line parallel to the axis, 40, which line should touch the circumference of said mill at the point at said circumference at which the extremity of the pin should be applied, and causing said frame to turn on its axis, so that said mill should move to a sufficient extent around the extremity of theI pin so applied to its circumference While said mill revolved upon its axis, 40, in the operation of pointing the pin. By causing the axis, 40, to be on the straight horizontal part of the ways 48, at the time when the pin is brought by the pointing chuck into the position for receiving the action of the mill, said mill is removed out of the reach of the pin, so as to prevent its point from striking against the mill in passing to said position, and in like manner the mill is withdrawn from the pin after hav ing finished its operation in the formation of the point by causing said axis to lie upon the declivous portion of said ways, 48, at the time when the pin is removed from said position.

The dotted lines, 7c c, and c la c, Fig. 3, Sheet V, represent two modifications of the cam, le, by using Which the extent of the traversing motion of the axis 40, along the Ways 48 will be reduced, and in case either of said modifications of said cam should be employed a corresponding modification of the `Ways 48 would be required, which would consist in diminishing the length of their curved portion, so as to allow the axis 40, to pass beyond it to the respective straight portions at either extremity of its said traversing movement. The form and proportions of the cam, 7c, and the ways 48, represented in Figs. 2 and 3, Sheet V, and hereinbefore described, are calculated to cause the mill, 38, to act throughout the whole extent of the point of the pin during the advancing movement of its axis, 40, by which action the point may be formed and finished by a single operation of one of the mills. he modifications of said parts, /c and 48, last above referred to, are designed to cause the mills Whose movements are governed by said parts, so modified, to contribute respectively toward the forming and completing the point of the pin by a partial action thereon, or an action limited to certain portions and not extending over the Whole o-f said point.

The object of giving to the face 7s, In?, 7L", of the cam c, the particular form represented in F ig. 8, Sheet V, and to the ways, 48, the form shown in Fig. 2, Sheet V, is to regulate the advancing movement of the mill, 38, from m to n, along the central track of its axis, 40, and to graduate the pressure of the extremity of the pin against the grinding surface of said mill (by the proper adjustment of the different parts of the combination herein described for producing said movement and regulating the position of said mill), so as to cause said mill in going through with said movement, and at the same time revolving with sufficient velocity on its axis, by the action of its grinding sur* face upon the extremity of the pin, held and turned around against said surface by the pointing chuck, 28, in the manner herein before described, to reduce said extremity of the pin and form thereon a round, smooth. sharp point, free from angles, and slightly convex in the direction of its length, whether such point be formed by a single mill at one operation or by the successive operations of several such mills.

Of the yrszf and second Gamarra- There are two carriers employed in the machine herein described for transferring the piii in different stages of its fabrication. The first (in the order of the operation of the inachine) of said carriers removes the pin from the pointing chuck, after the completion of its point, and places it between gripping dies, preparatory to the operation of upsetting a portion at its end for the formation of its head. The second of said carriers transfers the pin from the gripping dies to finishing dies, by the action of which the head of the pin is completed. Said first and second carriers are more or less fully represented .in the perspective Sheet I, the plan Sheet II, in Figs. 4 and 5, Sheet III, Figs. l, 2, and 4, Sheet IIII, and Fig. 5, Sheet V of the drawings. The part by which the first carrier holds and carries the pin is formed at the extremity of a cylindrical shank G8, as represented in section Fig. 5, Sheet V. Said part consists of a portion of the shank... 68, the nipper, 69, the center pin and the die, 85, which are formed and connected together in the same manner as the similar parts, 28, 29, 30, and 81 of the pointing chuck hereinbefore described are formed and connected together. But the nipper 69, is closed by a spring affixed to the extremity of its arm, G9a, so as to cause the point of said spring to act against the shank, G8, as shown in said Fig. 5. In this description I use the number or reference, 68, which is marked on the shank of said first carrier in the drawings iii a general way to designate said carrier. The parts and combination for supporting said carrier, G8, and producing its movements, are represented in the two views Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, Sheet III, and in part in the plan Sheet II.

A bracket, 87, which 4is fastened by a screw to the heading frame, A2, supports the stand, 65, which is connected to said bracket, 87, by a screw as shown in Sheet II, so that said stand may be adjusted and fixed in a perpendicular position. Said stand, (35, has two horizontal arms, 65a, and 65D, in the ends of which arms are screwed the center or pivot screws, 66, as shown in Fig. 4, Sheet III. A piece in the form of a cross, 67, (37,

is supported between the points of the screws 66, by receiving said points in countersinks yformed at the centers of its respective ends.

The vertical part, 67, of said cross, is of a cylindrical form and Serves as an axis to give to the carrier 68, a reciprocating rotary motion through 90o of a circle by turning on the points of the screw 66, between which it is supported. The horizontal cross portion, 67aN furnishes a tube which extends through said portion 67a from end to end, so that the center of said tube intersects with the center' of the axis, 67, at right angles. The shank, 68, of said carrier is tted into the tube or socket 67a so as to allow said shank to slide forward and backward in said socket in the movement of said carrier for receiving and delivering the pin. Said carrier 68 when fitted into its bearing and combined with the cross 67, 67a, and the stand, 65, in the manner last above described and as shown in Fig. 4, Sheet H1, should be so placed in the machine that the center of the shank 68 of said carrier shall be in the same horizontal plane with the centers of the axis 28, of the pointing chucks, hereinbefore described and the center of the piston, 100, hereinafter described, and that the center of its axis, 67 shall intersect with a line extending horizontally, in continuation of the center of the piston, 100, at a point where said central line of the piston, 100 would intersect at right angles with a similar line extending in continuation of the center of the axis of the 'pointing chuck, 28g, in which relative positions said parts are supposed to be as represented in the plan Sheet 1I.

Having described the manner in which' the carrier, 68, is fitted into its place in the machine so as to allow it to perform its several movements, I proceed to describe the movements of said carrier and the combination by which its said movements are produced. Once during each revolution of the axis, C, said carrier performs a reciprocating circular movement, with its axis, 67, through ninety degrees of a circle, in passing from the position in which it is shown in the plan, Sheet Il, to the position in which'it is shown in Fig. 1,Sheet HH, and in returning from the latter to the former position. Said carrier remains in each of the aforesaid positions during one fourth of a rotation of the axis, C, and it occupies the time of one fourth of a revolution of said axis in passing from one to the other of said positions in either direction. The position of the carrier, 68, shown in Sheet 11 is that in which said carrier takes the pin from the pointing` chuck, and is therefore called in this description the receiving position of said carrier. The movement of said carrier from its last named position to that shown in Sheet HH, Fig. l, in which movement the pin is conveyed from the pointing chuck to the gripping dies, 1 call herein the carrying movement of said carrier, and the last named posit-ion of said-carrier, shown in Fig. l, Sheet HH, I call herein its delivering position. The movement of said carrier, 68, from its delivering position to its receiving position 1 call herein its return movement. During its continuance in its receiving position, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5, Sheet III, said carrier, 68, moves forward in its socket, 67a, so as to receive the point of the pin held by the pointing chuck, in the manner shown in said Fig. 5, and is again retracted, drawing the pin from the pointing chuck (from the grasp of which said pin had been released inthe manner hereinbefore described). Said carrier holds the pin thus withdrawn from the pointing chuck by a portion of the point of said pin being received between the nipper 69, and the groove in the die 85, said nipper being closed thereon by its spring, as shown in Fig. 5, Sheet V, so that the greater portion of said pin will project from the end of said carrier, as shown in Fig. l, Sheet H11. The last described movement of said carrier is called herein its receiving movement, and a similar movement made by said carrier in its aforesaid delivering position, by which movement the pin is thrust through between the gripping dies, in the manner shown in Fig. 2, Sheet 11H, (the pin being left in the graspv of said dies on the retraction of the carrier,) I call the delivering movement of said carrier. Toretnrn to the description of the combination by which the aforesaid movements of said carrier, 68, are produced, shown in Figs. 4 and 5, Sheet III, a collar, 7l, is fitted and fastened by a binding screw on the shank, 68, of said carrier. A yoke, 7 2, has one of its ends jointed to said collar, 71, and its other end jointed to the lever 73. The lever, 73, has a fork at its upper end one prong of which is on each side of the portion, 67a of the cross, 67, 67 a. Near its lower end said lever, 73, has an adjusting screw, 74, and at its lower end it is jointed by a center pin, 75, to the arm or stud, 76. The arm 76, is fitted and fastened on the axis, 67. A spiral spring, 77, has one end attached to the lever, 73, and its other end to the axis, 67. rlhe cam, 78, Fig. 5, is fittedso as to turn easily on the axis, 67. Said cam, 78, has on its under side a hub b v which it rests upon the arm, 76, which hub is of sufficient depth to elevate said cam to a level with the adjusting screw, 74. It has also the two inclined faces 781L and 78b on its periphery. The cam7 78, is jointed to the yoke, 80, by a stud screw 7 9. The yoke 80,

v Fig. 5, having one end jointed in the manner last described to the cam, 7 8, has at its opposite end a slot formed in the direction of its length. Said slot receives the shaft, C, and is of a. breadth equal to the diameter of said shaft.` Two studs 80a and 80b are affixed to said yoke, at the respective ends of the aforesaid slot, at a distance from each other just sutiicient to allow the cam p to revolve between them, for the purpose of receiving the action of said cam.

The cam 7), on the vertical axis, C, has on its periphery the high face p1, the two intermediate faces, p2, and p3, and the low face, 794, all of which faces are concentric with the axis, C. It has also the eccentric or inclined faces which connect the aforesaid concentric faces. The two intermediate faces, p2, and p3, fill up each about onefourth of the circle, and the high face, p1, and the low face, 724, each with the eccentric faces which connect it with the intermediate faces p2 and 293, fills up a fourth part of the circle. The cam y), is represented in said Fig. 5 above the yoke, `8O, in order to show the action of the cam on the studs, 80, and 801. But said cam may be placed beneath said yoke, in order to furnish a bearing for said yoke to rest and slide upon, in which case said studs would require to be affixed to the under side of said yoke. Beneath the arm, 7 G, on t-he axis, G7, is fixed an arm, 81, shown in F ig. 4t, sheet III. To said arm, 81, is jointed bya stud 82, one end of the yoke, 83, and the opposite end of the yoke, 83, is connected by a slot with the axis, C, as is shown in said Fig. t, in the same manner as the yoke 8O is connected with said axis, C, as above described. The studs 83a and 831 are aiiixed to the yoke, 88, at such a distance from each other as to allow the cam Q, on the axis, C, to revolve between them, for the purpose of receiving the action of said cam. The cam Q on the axis, C, has on its periphery the two faces,

concentric to the axis C, Q1 and Q4, and the two eccentric faces Q2 and Q3, each of which faces occupies about onefourth of the circle. In Fig. 4t, Sheet III, the cam Q is represented above the yoke, 83, and the studs, 83a and 83" on the upper side of said yoke. But said cam may be placed beneath said yoke in order to furnish a bearing for said yoke to rest and slide upon, in which case the studs 83a and 831 should be aiiixed to the under side of said yoke.

The reciprocating circular movement of the carrier, G8, is produced by the action of the cam, Q, (revolving in the direction of the arrow) on the studs 83a and 83", as will be understood by an examination of Fig. 4t, Sheet 111, The face, Q3, of said cam by advancing against the stud, 83a, of said yoke moves said yoke in the direction of its length from left to right, and brings the carrier 58,

into its receiving position, as shown in said figure, in which position said carrier remains till the face, Q1, of said cam has passed said stud, 83a, at which time the face, Q3, of said cam will begin to advance against the stud, 83h, carrying the yoke from right to left and producing the carrying movement of said carrier 68, and bringing said carrier to its delivering position, 1n which position said carrier remains during the time occupied by.

the face, Q1, of said cam in passing said stud 83h, when the face, Q, of said stud will begin to advance against the stud, 83, again producing the return movement of said carrier. During the aforesaid carrying and return movements of the carrier, 68, produced as above described by the action of the cam, Q, the intermediate faces, p2 and 293 of the cam p, will be between the studs 80a and 80 of the yoke, 80, and the cam 7 S, on the axis, 07, will be held in such a position that neither of its eccentric faces 78L and 78b will be in the way of the point of the gage screw, 74, on the arrival of said carrier in its respective receiving and delivering positions, but during the continuance of said carrier in its receiving position the high face, 791, and the two eccentric faces connected therewith of the cam 79 will pass the stud 801 of the yoke, 80, moving said yoke to the left from its intermediate position, by which movement of said yoke, 80, the face 78EL of the cam 78 will be drawn in behind the point of the gage screw, 74, so as to thrust said carrier forward to receive the pin, in the manner shown in-Fig. 5, Sheet 'the face 7 8b, of the cam 7 8, against the gage screw 741, similar to the action of the face, 7 8, of said cam 78 last above described, by which action of the face, 78", of said cam, 78, the carrier 68 will be thrust forward, so as to introduce the pin between the gripping di es, as shown in Fig. 1, Sheet 1111, and will be left by the reception of said face 7 8", to be retracted by the reaction of the spring 77.

rlhe second carrier, by which the pin is conveyed from the gripping dies to the 1inishing dies, is supported by a bracket, A1, which is fastened to the inside of the heading frame, A2, and furnishes a horizontal platform of the form shown in the plan Sheet Il. There is a long slotl formed through said platform, extending horizontally in a direction transverse to that of the piston, 100, and the heading bolt 119, as shown in said Sheet 1I and hereinafter de scribed. Said carrier is fitted and fastened on a slide which consists of the oblong flat piece 90, which rests upon the upper face of the platform, A10, as shown in Sheet Il, and is connected with said platform through the aforesaid slot therein by a connecting piece and cap (Note. The Y Connecting Piece and Cap named in the text are designated in the figure referred to (Fig. 4, Sheet 1111) by the words Connecting Piece and Cap i written upon said parts respectively) in the manner represented in Fig. e, Sheet HH, so as to allow said slide to move freely in a reciprocating rectilinear movement in the direction of said slot, but not to move or turn in any other direction. @n the top of the slide, 90, is fitted the carrier stand, 91, which consists of the bottom horizontal part by which it is connected with the slide, 90, a tansverse upright portion at its end, and two lat-eral, vertical anges, as is shown in Sheet 1I and Fig. 4,. Sheet HI. To the front of the transverse.

vertical portion of the stand, 91, is aiiixed the piece, 92, which is bent at a right angle, having at one end, 92, a broad part, by which it is fastened by a screw to the stand 91, as shown in Fig. 4l, Sheet HH. The other end, 92, consists of a plain square bar, which is in a position nearly parallel to the line of motion of the slide 90, and is in a position considerably to the right of said slide, 99, as shown in Figs. 1 and et, Sheet HH. rl`he bar, 92, constitutes the lower linger of said second carrier. It partakes of the movement of the slide, 90, and has no other movement. Immediately over the tinger, 92, is the upper finger 93 of said carrier. which is jointed to the carrier stand, 91, by having the axis, 93a, (which proceeds from said finger 93, at a right angle, in a horizontal direction) fitted into holes in the lateral flanges of said stand, 91, and secured in its place therein by a collar 94;, which is fitted and fastened by a binding screw on said axis betweensaid flanges, as shown in Figs. 1 and 1l, Sheet H11, so as to allow said nger, 93, to turn upon said axis The finger, 93, is closed upon the finger, 92, by a spiral spring, 195, one end of which spring' is attached to the binding screw of the collar 911 and its other end to the screw which binds the piece 922L to the front of t-hc stand, 94. At the part of said fingers, 92 and 93, when the pin is held between them, the finger 93, being a little wider than, 92, has on each side a lip, which lipspov-erlap each side of the finger, 92, in the manner shown in Figs. 1 and 4, Sheet 1111. In each of the aforesaid lips of the finger, 93, is formed a small notch in form of an inverted V. The fingers, 92 and 93, diverge a little from each other and respectively from a horizontal line, as t-hey extend backward from the point at which they hold the pin, as shown in Fig. 1, Sheet 11H. @n the slide, 90, is an arm, 95, and on the axis, (i7, of the first carrier is fixed an arm, 97. which arms, 95 and 97, are connected by a link, 96, said link being jointed by its two ends to the respcctive ends of said arms in the manner shown in the plan Sheet H. By the aforesaid combination -(95, 96, 97) between the slide, 90, and the axis, 67, the reciprocating circular motion of the axis 67 communicates a reciprocating rectilinear motion to the slide, 90, along the slot of the platform, A10. rhe extent of said movement of the slide, 90, will depend o-n the length of the arm, 97, (Note. There is a slot or fork in the end of the arm 97, and said arm may be made longer or shorter by shifting the stud connecting it with the link 96 along said slot) on the axis, G7, and should be equal to the distance between the center of the gripping dies (where the second carrier receives the pin) and the central .line of thc finishing dies 115 and 116, which is the position in which the pin, r, is held by said carrier, as shown in Fig. 1, Sheet 1111, which is the delivering position of said carrier. But for the convenience of adjustment, the arm, 95, may be made so as to admit of its springing a little and the movement of the slide, 90, may be arrested at each of its terminations by an adjusting screw in the piece, A10, at each end of the aforesaid slot, 1342*, Fig. 1, Sheet H11, and 134D, Sheet H.

The manner in which the pin, r, is held between the fingers 92 and 93 is shown inL Figs. 1 and 4, Sheet HH. The nicks in the lips of the finger, 93, embracing the pin r on each side of the finger 92, keep it steady in a horizontal position and in the direction of a line across between said fingers from one of said nicks to the other. To understand the manner in which the pin, r, is transferred from the carrier, 92, 93, to the receiving or female finishing die, 116, Fig. 3, Sheet 1111, and also how the pin as taken hold of by said carrier, suppose thevpin toV be held by said carrier in the position shown in Fig. 1, Sheet HH. The heading bolt, 119, carrying said die, 116, in its end, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3, Sheet HH, advances so as to bring the extremity of said die close to the side of said carrier, and that portion of the pin which projects from said carrier toward said die is received into the central hole of said die. Having arrived in the last described position said bolts stop and remain stationary, with the pin in the die as above described. hile said bolt 119 ref mains in the last named position, said carrier commences its return movement, drawing od from the pin so held in the die, 116, by the inclination of the aforesaid nicks of said carrier rising up over the shank of the pin, and leaving the pin in said die, and when said carrier approaches its receiving position the projecting part of the pin held by the gripping dies, as shown in Fig. 3, Sheet IUI, serves as a fixed line to elevate the finger 93, by the inclination of the under side of said finger riding upon the pin, and when said carrier reaches its receiving position said finger, 93, falls down, receiving the pin into said nicks and holding it by the action of the spring, 195, in the manner hereinbefore described. The lower finger, 92, is fixed at such an elevation as to allow it to pass close under the pin (in the last described movement) without touching or crowding it. An inclined vertical plate, 103, Fig. 3, Sheet IIII, is so placed as to crowd the pin back in the direction of its length in the carrier 92, 93, as said carrier moves from its receiving to its delivering position, so as to cause the point of the pin to project back from said carrier toward the die 116, as shown in Fig 1, Sheet IIII.

Of the combination for gagz'fng and mmc/1,- z'ag up the facials of the pana-The heads of the pins made by the machine herein described are formed at two operations, by the first of which a portion of the wire is punched up in the direction of the length of the pin, so as to form a lump or thickening containing a sufficient quantity of metal to constitute the head of the required size. By the second operation the aforesaid lump or thickening is compressed between two dies of such shape as to mold it into a head of suitable form. The principal parts employed in the first of the aforesaid operations-viz., gaging and upsetting the heads-are the upper and lower gripping dies, 98 and 98a, thecain, s, and the lever, zt, for closing said dies, the gage 99, the piston, 100, the piston tube 101, Fig. 2, Sheet IIII, the punch tube, 102,and the punch, u, Fig. 3, Sheet IIII. See also the plan Sheet II. The gripping dies, 98, are of the form shown in Figs. 3 and 4, Sheet IIII, and in perspective Fig. 2, Sheet IIII. They have each a cylindrical shank or stem, 980, and a seinicircular projection on the side next the piston tube 101, which projections form, when the dies are closed, a circular boss, the diameter of which is equal to the interior diameter' of the tube 101. A senlicircular groove is formed across the face of `each of the dies, 98 and 98, extending from the center of its scmicircular projection to the opposite side of the die, having each of its ends enlarged in the form shown in Figs. 3 and 4, Sheet IIII Vihen the dies, 98, and 98a, are closed together the aforesaid semicircular grooves in their faces form a hole extending through between said dies from the center of the boss formed by their semicircular projections to the opposite side of the dies, as is shown in section, Fig. 4, Sheet IIII. Said grooves must be of such a depth as to hold the pin firmly when the dies are forcibly closed upon it.

The dies, 98, are fitted by their cylindrical Shanks, 98C, into holes or sockets in a stand, 104, so as to allow their interior ends, on which are formed the aforesaid semicircular projections and grooves, to meet near the center of said stand, as shown in Fig. 4, Sheet III. Said stand has its main part 104, which consists of two portions, having a space between them, as shown in the vertical section, Fig. 4, Sheet IIII. The aforesaid portions of the stand 104, are united f with each other on each side by an arched bridge, 104", and 104, as will be understood from an examination of the horizontal section, Fig. 8, and the vertical section, Fig. 4, Sheet IIII. To each of the aforesaid portions of the stand, 104, is fitted and fastened by screws a cap, 104, and the sockets to receive the shanks 98, of the gripping dies are formed, respectively one half in the main part of the stand 104 and the other half in the caps, 104% said sockets being exactly in line with each other. Said stand 104, with the dies, 98, fitted into it in the manner above explained, is fixed and adjusted in its place in the heading frame, A2, so that the Shanks 98C, of said dies shall stand in a perpendicular position, and the hole formed by the aforesaid grooves in the face of said dies, when said dies are closed together, shall be in continuation of the central line of the piston 100, as will be understood from a. 'View of Figs. 2, 3 and 4, Sheet IIII. r1`wo adjusting screws screwed through each of the sides of the heading frame A2 and bearing with their points against the sides of the stand 104, serve to adjust said stand laterally, in the manner shown at 105 and 105, Fig. 3, Sheet IIII. In the vertical direction the position of said dies will be determined by the adjusting screw 86, against which the shank of the upper die, 98, rests in a fixed position, as shown in Fig. 4, Sheet IIII. An arch, 106, is screwed on the top of the frame, A2, extending from one side to the other of said frame, over the top of the stand, 104, as shown in Sheets I and II and in Figs. 2 and 4, Sheet IIII. Said arch serves to hold the adjusting stop-screw, 80, the point of which screw bears against the end of the shank of the die, 98, and sustains the pressure when the die, 98, is forcibly closed against said die, 98, to hold the pin in the operation of upsetting the head.

The gage, 99, has the form shown in Sheet I and Fig. 2, Sheet IIII. In front an inclined part 99a presents a vertical face, against which the end of thepin on which the head is to be formed strikes and stops when the pin is thrust in between the gripping dies by the first carrier in the manner hereinbefore described. If the carrier, 68, continues to move forward a little farther after the pin stops against the gage, 99, the pin will be crowded farther in Under the nipper of said carrier. The back end of the gage, 99, is bent down at a right angle, and is connected by a gage screw, 84, to the heading frame, A2. Said screw 84, passes through the vertical portion of the gage 99, and is screwed into a cross portion of the frame A2, which forms one of the bearings of the piston 100 beneath the back end of said piston, as shown at 84, Fig. 2, Sheet 1111. There is an open spiral spring placed upon the body of the gage screw, 84:,y between the vertical part of said gage, 99, through which said screw passes, and the frame A2, which serves to keep said portion of the gage 99, always pressed back against the head of said screw 84. There is a hole in said vertical portion of the gage, 99, through which the piston 100 passes, which hole is large enough to allow said gage to move upon the screw 811 as its center' of motion or joint, in the manner hereinafter' described, without touching said piston.

The lever, t, for closing the gripping die, 98a, against the stationary die, 98, is jointed to the frame A2, by a center pin, 107, which passes through the two vertical sides of the frame, A2, and through the axis, t1, of said lever t, see 107, Sheet 1, and Fig. 2, Sheet T111. Said lever has in its short arm, t2, an adjusting screw, 108, which screw bears against the lower end of the shank of the die, 98a. The long arm, t, of said lever extends downward in front of the cam, S, presenting a suitable face for said cam to act against in closing the die, 98a, as shown in Fig. 2, Sheet- 11H, and a prolongation of said arm, t, is connected by a spring 88, to the fixed frame, for the purpose of drawing said arm toward the cam, S, and retracting it as the cam recedes, Fig. 2, Sheet 11H, and the short arm, t2, of said leverl is yoked to the lower end of the shank of said die, 98a, as shown in Fig. 2, Sheet THT, so that when said arm, 252, is retracted it draws down said die, 98a, and separates it from the stationary die, 98, leaving a space for the fin, 1", to be carried out laterally, by the second carrier, from between said dies to the position in which it is shown in Fig. 1, Sheet 11H. The cam, S, is fixed upon the axis B with which it revolves in the direction shown by the arrow, as e,represented in Fig. 2, Sheet 1111. The acting faces of the cam, S, are formed on its circumference parallel to its axis. It has the low face or recess, S, the intermediate face, S1, and the high face, S2, each of which faces is concentric with the axis B. Vhen the low face, S, of said cam is passing the face of the lever, t, against which said cam acts, said lever will be in a retracted position, and the dies will remain separated. Vfhen the face, S1, of said cam is passing said face of the lever', t, the die, 982, will be forced up so as to be nearly in contact with the die, 98, but leaving space enough between said dies for the pin to be thrust in lengthwise between the aforesaid grooves on the faces of said dies. When the high face, S2, of said cam is passing said face of the lever t, the die, 982, will be firmly pressed against the stationary die, 98, so as to embrace the pin which has been introduced between said dies, in the grooves upon their faces, with sufficient force to allow the punch, u, advancing against the end of the pin, in the manner hereinafter described, to upset a portion of it to form the head.

The piston 100 and the piston tube, 101, are fitted together and into bearings formed in cross-pieces which connect the two vertical sides of the heading frame, A2, in the manner shown in Figs. 2 and 3, Sheet T111. The tube, 101, is fitted to slide endwise in its bearing in the frame A2 and on the small end of the piston, 100, and the piston, 100, is fitted to slideendwise in its bearings in the frame, A2. vThe punch tube, 102, is firmly fixed in the piston tube, 101, near the front end of said piston tube. The hole in the punch tube, 102, corresponds in size with the punch, u, and is a little larger than the wire of which the pins are made. The punch, u, has its back end resting in a socket in the end of the piston, 100, and the front end of said punch rests in the punch tube, 102, as is shown in Fig. 3, Sheet 1111. There is a collar, III, Fig. 3, Sheet 1111, fitted and fastened by a binding screw on the piston, 100,

and between said collar, 111, and the back end of the piston tube, 101, there is an open spiral spring, 109, which spring crowds said tube forward on said piston as far as the yoke, 110, which connects the tube, 101, wit-h the piston, 100, as shown in Fig. 2, Sheet TITI, will allow said tube to go. There is a slot in the end of the yoke, 110, through which a stud screw is screwed into the collar,

111, or into the piston, 100, to connect said piston and yoke together. The object of the aforesaid slot in the yoke, 110, is to allow the piston, carrying the punch, u, in its end,

to continue to move forward after the tube 101 is stopped by the punch tube, 102, fast in the end of said tube, 101, coming against the face of the boss on the united dies, 98 and 98a, as shown in Fig. 3, Sheet 1111. The pin, 7", being firmly held by the gripping dies, 98

and 98a, and the piston, 100, piston tube, 101,

punchtube, 102, and the punch, a, having, respectively, by moving forward altogether,

reached the position in which they are rep-y resented in Fig. 3, Sheet 1111, the punch tube, 102, will stop against theface of the aforesaid boss of the united dies, 98 and 98a.

but the pist-on 100 with the punch u, will continue to move forward, and the punch, u, will push that portion of the pin r which is in the punch tube 102, before it, as said punch advances, crowding said portion of the pin out of the punch tube 102, and pressing it into the center sink formed by the junction of said dies 98, in the center of their aforesaid circular boss. At the same time the collar, 111, will compress the spring, 109, against the back end of the tube, 101, so as to keep the punch tube 102 applied firmly against the face of the aforesaid boss of the dies, 98. 

